The LuxMob Info Tags

You’ve heard again and again how buying a home is the best tax
break around. Maybe you’ve even been called a chump for renting.
After all, paying $1,200 a month for your mortgage is really the
equivalent of paying $900 a month in rent. But how does that
work exactly?

Here’s the deal: Mortgage interest (including points) and real
estate taxes are tax deductible. That doesn’t sound very sexy,
but it adds up. Since most of what you pay for your mortgage in
the first years is interest, on a $1,200 mortgage payment you
get to deduct about $1,080 a month. That reduces your taxable
income by about $13,000 a year. If you’re in the 28% tax
bracket, that deduction is worth about $300 a month.

To see the benefit, you can either wait for a big payout after
you file your income-tax return, or adjust what is withheld from
your paycheck each month. Claim additional allowances on your
W-4 form and your paycheck will jump immediately. You’ll have to
do the worksheet on the back of the W-4 form to figure out how
many additional allowances you can claim. But using the above
example, you could take two or three more.

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The Artificial Intelligence community sought to understand human intelligence by building computer programs, which exhibited intelligent behavior. Intelligence was perceived to be a problem solving ability. Most human problems appeared to have reasoned, rather than mathematical, solutions. The diagnosis of a disease could hardly be calculated. If a patient had a group of symptoms, then she had a particular disease. But, such reasoning required prior knowledge. The programs needed to have the “knowledge” that the disease exhibited a particular group of symptoms. For the AI community, that vague knowledge residing in the minds of “Experts” was superior to text book knowledge. So they called the programs, which solved such problems, Expert Systems.

Expert Systems managed goal oriented problem solving tasks including diagnosis, planning, scheduling, configuration and design. One method of knowledge representation was through “If, then…” rules. When the “If” part of a rule was satisfied, then the “Then” part of the rule was concluded. These became rule based Expert Systems. But knowledge was sometimes factual and at other times, vague. Factual knowledge had clear cause to effect relationships, where clear conclusions could be drawn from concrete rules. Pain was one symptom of a disease. If the disease always exhibited pain, then pain pointed to the disease. But vague and judgmental knowledge was called heuristic knowledge. It was more of an art. The pain symptom could not mechanically point to diseases, which occasionally exhibited pain. Uncertainty did not yield concrete answers.

The AI community tried to solve this problem by suggesting a statistical, or heuristic analysis of uncertainty. The possibilities were represented by real numbers or by sets of real-valued vectors. The vectors were evaluated by means of different “fuzzy” concepts. The components of the measurements were listed, giving the basis of the numerical values. Variations were combined, using methods for computing combination of variances. The combined uncertainty and its components were expressed in the form of “standard deviations.” Uncertainty was given a mathematical expression, which was hardly useful in the diagnosis of a disease.

The human mind did not compute mathematical relationships to assess uncertainty. The mind knew that a particular symptom pointed to a possibility, because it used intuition, a process of elimination, to instantly identify patterns. Vague information was powerfully useful to an elimination process, since they eliminated many other possibilities. If the patient lacked pain, all diseases, which always exhibited pain, could be eliminated. Diseases, which sometimes exhibited pain were retained. Further symptoms helped identification from a greatly reduced database. A selection was easier from a smaller group. Uncertainty could be powerfully useful for an elimination process.

Intuition was an algorithm, which evaluated the whole database, eliminating every context that did not fit. This algorithm has powered Expert Systems which acted speedily to recognize a disease, identify a case law or diagnose the problems of a complex machine. It was instant, holistic, and logical. If several parallel answers could be presented, as in the multiple parameters of a power plant, recognition was instant. For the mind, where millions of parameters were simultaneously presented, real time pattern recognition was practical. And elimination was the key, which could conclusively handle uncertainty, without resort to abstruse calculations.

Abraham Thomas is the author of The Intuitive Algorithm, a book, which suggests that intuition is a pattern recognition algorithm. The ebook version is available at www.intuition.co.in. The book may be purchased only in India. The website, provides a free movie and a walk through to explain the ideas.

Copyright 2006 Michael Cottier

An outdoor activity is something that everyone needs and should
do. Watching to much TV or just sitting inside is boring,
unhealthy and has no reward. Many people go outside and walk or
jog, but that too is pretty boring and unrewarding. So what can
you do outdoors that is both fun and healthy?

Many adults and young adults have forgotten that the best way to
exercise outdoors is to play like they did when they were a kid.
But how does an adult play outside? The best way is to start a
radio control hobby. RC hobbies like airplanes, boats, cars, and
helicopters are both fun and very rewarding. Imagine building
and then flying your own creation, or ripping across the waves
in your own little gas powered boat.

An RC hobby can also give you something fun to do with your
kids, who don’t exactly always want to hang out with their
parents. But trust me; if you are flying a radio controlled jet
then they will come running. You will also have something to
pass onto your children, like an airplane that both of you built
together, or a boat that you and your child have enjoyed many
times together.

By far the best RC vehicle that can be purchased is of course an
R/C airplane or helicopter. If an airplane is what you are going
to go for, then I recommend an Almost Ready to Fly plane or a
kit. This will allow you and your kid(s) to put it together with
you, giving you something extra to do with them and give them
some knowledge of building something. Then after you build it
you can fly it with them, which makes the flight twice as
rewarding.

Another RC flying toy that is fun would be a remote control
helicopter. Radio controlled helicopters are unique because they
hover and allow more control from the pilot. They are also
harder to master, so for the people who are looking for a quick
thrill you might not like it, but other’s who have a dedication
to it will love it. RC helicopters also offer a neat experience
at night since they can hover and can be equipped with lights.

If you want to experience the thrill of a speed boat on the
water, but don’t have the money to afford a real one, then a
radio controlled boat is perfect. With R/C boat engines
available in electric or gas powered, a beginner or an expert
could operate and maintain a RC boat. This is ideal since you
might not always be around but your children want to go outside
and have fun with it. A remote control boat is really the
easiest, but most rewarding, of all radio control hobbies.

The most popular R/C toy in the world is of course the remote
control car or truck. RC cars can be operated by virtually
anyone at any age, are easy to maintain and operate and are very
inexpensive to own. If you do plan on getting a R/C car or
truck, then I recommend an electric powered one to begin with,
then gradually progress towards a nitro powered engine. Just to
let you know, nitro fuel cars are hard to maintain and require
some experience and knowledge prior to operating.

My favorite outdoor activity out of all of them are model
rockets. Model rockets are of course not remote controlled (I
guess they could be) but none the less they are very fun and
should be considered. I love model rockets, and the reason is
because they are very realistic and not expensive. The engines
that blast them off really shoot out burst of flames and leave a
smoke trail behind the rocket, and the rocket’s cost around only
$20. Very cheap for such a realistic thrill and they are pretty
safe to operate.